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The petroleum industry in Russia is one of the largest in the world. Russia has the largest reserves, and is the largest exporter, of natural gas. It has the second largest coal reserves, the eighth largest oil reserves, and is the largest producer of oil.〔 It is the third largest energy user.〔(Russia, Background ), February 2005. U.S. Department of Energy〕 Russia produced an average of of oil per day in 2010.〔(Russian Oil Output Climbed 1.2 Percent in 2009 ) Bloomberg Retrieved on 2 January 2010〕 It produces 12% of the world's oil and has a same share in global oil exports.〔(Key World Energy Statistics. 2006 Edition ), International Energy Agency 2006〕 In June 2006, Russian crude oil and condensate production reached to the post-Soviet maximum of per day. Exceeding production in 2000 by . Russian export consists more than of oil and nearly of refined products, which go mainly to the Europe market. The domestic demand in 2005 was in averaged.〔 〕 It is also the main transit country for oil from Kazakhstan. Russia is by far the world's largest natural gas exporter. Most, but not all authorities believe that Russia has the world's largest proven reserves of natural gas. Sources that consider that Russia has by far the largest proven reserves include the US CIA (47.6 trillion cubic meters),〔(Natural gas - proved reserves ), accessed 1 Dec. 2013.〕 the US Energy Information Administration (47.8 tcm),〔US Energy Information Administration, International statistics, accessed 1 Dec. 2013.〕 and OPEC (48.7 tcm).〔OPEC, (Table 3.2 Natural gas proven reserves by country ), accessed 1 Dec 2013.〕 However, BP credits Russia with only 31.3 tcm as of 1 January 2014,〔BP,(BP Statistical Review of World Energy ), June 2014.〕 which would place it in second place, slightly behind Iran (33.1 to 33.8 tcm, depending on the source). In addition to having the world's largest proved reserves of natural gas, according to US Geological Survey estimations, Russia is also likely to have the world's largest volume of still-undiscovered natural gas: a mean probable volume of 6.7 trillion cubic meters. The USGS estimate of Russia's undiscovered oil is 22 billion barrels, second in the world only to those of Iraq.〔Christopher J. Schenk, (An Estimate of Undiscovered Conventional Oil and Gas Resources of the World ), 2012, US Geological Survey, Fact Sheet 2012-3042〕 The Russian oil industry claims to be in need of huge investment.〔('Threat' to future of Russia oil ) - Lukoil, April 2008.〕 Strong growth in the Russian economy means that local demand for energy of all types (oil, gas, nuclear, coal, hydro, electricity) is continuing to grow. ==Russia's oil and gas companies== The biggest Russian oil company is Rosneft followed by Lukoil, Surgutneftegaz, Gazprom Neft and Tatneft.〔(LUKoil to lose the lead soon. Rosneft will become Russia’s leading oil producer in 2007 ), Analytical department of RIA RosBusinessConsulting〕 All oil trunk pipelines (except Caspian Pipeline Consortium) are owned and operated by the state-owned monopoly Transneft and oil products pipeline are owned and operated by its subsidiary Transnefteproduct. *Gazprom (Russia's state-run natural gas monopoly; world's biggest gas exploration and production company) *Lukoil *Rosneft (State-owned Russian oil and gas exploration company) *Surgutneftegas *Tatneft *Northgas *Transneft (Russia's pipeline monopoly) *Bashneft (Russian oil refining company one of the largest producer of oil products in the country) *Russneft *Itera *Novatek *Rusneftegaz 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Petroleum industry in Russia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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